- M=F in infancy – more common bacteriuria in uncircumcised boys > girls > circumcised boys
- F>M after one year and then throughout childhood and adulthood
- M>F in old age, especially in aged care homes
- Almost half of women experience a UTI in their lifetime
- 11 % of women over 18 years old have one infection annually
- One UTI is a risk factor for further UTIs, particularly in young college aged women
- Maternal history of UTIs is also a risk factor